Research Tells Us... The most effective professional development plans include having teachers regularly analyze what students need to know and match this to what they themselves need to learn to meet student needs.
The Field Tells Us... School-level educators are prevented from developing this analytical capacity by bureaucratic structures such as scheduling, lack of planning time, school cultures focused on "covering" content, etc.
Answer this question How must school systems change in order to allow educators the time it takes to regularly review student work and translate deficiencies into professional development needs?